{"id":2524,"date":"2013-04-05T10:21:53","date_gmt":"2013-04-05T10:21:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ectp-ceu.eu\/?p=2524"},"modified":"2013-04-05T10:21:53","modified_gmt":"2013-04-05T10:21:53","slug":"2013-a-centenary-of-spatial-planning-in-europe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ectp-ceu.eu\/de\/publication\/2013-a-centenary-of-spatial-planning-in-europe\/","title":{"rendered":"2013 – A Centenary of Spatial Planning in Europe"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"Book-s\"<\/td>ECTP-CEU has published the book \u201cA Centenary of Spatial Planning in Europe\u201d.This book, an ECTP-CEU initiative, is part of the programme of celebrating the centenary of spatial planning in Europe and was launched at a ceremony held at Barcelona City Hall in April 2013.The publication of this book was made possible thanks to the valuable contribution of 31 papers by 37 colleagues.The different approaches and varied perspectives (theoretical, historical, practical, regional, local) provide diversity and complexity and the rich texture with which it is customary to planners to work.We hope that reading this book will bring you great pleasure.Jo\u00e3o Texeira<\/td><\/tr>
Update July 2020
The book is now available in pdf download !<\/strong>Click here
<\/a> <\/strong>  INTRODUCTION<\/strong>Edited by Jo\u00e3o TeixeiraECTP-CEU, the European Council of Spatial Planners, is celebrating the Centenary of Spatial Planning in Europe. It is not just a matter of celebrating past achievements: we draw lessons from the past to overcome the problems of today, as we consider the transition to the Ecological Age with its new challenges and new paradigms.For this celebration ECTP-CEU has designed a programme of several initiatives: one of these initiatives is this publication.ECTP-CEU has invited distinguished European Spatial Planners to write about the past, the present and the future of spatial planning. As planning assumes different forms all over Europe, it is important to present different views.The values of spatial planning, the principles, the objectives and future prospects are discussed here from different perspectives. The importance of planning, pitfalls, challenges, opportunities, new topics, paradigms, endeavour, intelligent landscape, strategy, the role of the narrative, humanised planning,  territorial impact and research are all aspects of the new planning discipline – European Spatial Planning \u2013 being created by the EU and Members States all over Europe. We also have the local planning perspective and testimony of local practitioners from European regions and cities.This book is compiled from essays written by European spatial planners with very different perspectives on the contribution of spatial planning to the development of Europe over the last 100 years. These perspectives range from the challenges of history to the challenges of the present; from the global to the more focused in terms of place or subject; and from one period of history to another.One of the challenges of this book is the differing views presented by each planner.The most important themes of spatial planning are included in the following papers:Alfonso Vegara and Judith Ryser \u2013 \u2018Landscape Intelligence\u2019Andreas Faludi \u2013 \u2018<\/em>Twentieth Century Foundations of European Planning\u2019Charles Lambert \u2013 \u2018Planning has become strategic for human race\u2019Cliff Hague \u2013 \u2018Can planners assess territorial impacts?\u2019Ji?\u00ed Hr?za \u2013 \u2018In Search of the City\u2019Jo\u00e3o Teixeira \u2013 \u2018Celebrating the Past and Facing the Future\u2019Louis Albrechts \u2013 \u2018Pitfalls, Challenges and Opportunities in and for Strategic Spatial Planning\u2019Luc-Emile Bouche-Florin \u2013 \u2018Awakening landscape awareness: a vector of social and territorial cohesion\u2019                           Manuel da Costa Lobo \u2013 \u2018Planning the Humanised Space in Europe: From Idealism to Sectoral Competition\u2019Paolo la Greca \u2013 \u2018New topics and players for research in spatial planning\u2019Patsy Healey \u2013 \u2018The planning endeavour in the 21st<\/sup> Century\u2019Paulo Correia \u2013 \u2018Spatial Planning Changes in a World of Changing Paradigms\u2019Philippe Doucet \u2013 \u2018History reshaping geography: towards borderless territorial development policies?\u2019Ricard Pi\u00e9 and Josep Maria Vilanova \u2013 \u2018Town Planning and Architecture in the Spaces for Tourism\u2019Thomas Sevcik \u2013 \u2018The Role of the Narrative in Urban Planning and Identity\u2019Tomasz Ossowicz \u2013 \u2018Hierarchical vs. network city structure in planning\u2019.Regional and local perspectives are focused in these papers:Borislav Stojkov and Tijana Zivanovic \u2013 \u2018Implementation of spatial plans in the Balkans\u2019 West: from raw socialist model and self-governance to the period of pluralism and transition\u2019Bo Wijkmark \u2013 \u2018The Role of the Capital City and Region-Building in North European Countries \u2013 the Case of Stock\u00adholm and Observations on the Four Other Nordic Capitals\u2019Elias Beriatos \u2013 \u2018Maritime and Costal Spatial Planning: Greece in Mediterranean and Southern Europe\u2019George Phedonos \u2013 \u2018European Spatial Planning and Cyprus\u2019Philippe Brun \u2013 \u2018Land planning in Switzerland \u2013 Visions and realities\u2019Robin Thompson \u2013 \u2018Planning at the sharp end. A case study in local development and planning regulation\u2019Stefan Slachta and <\/strong>Juraj Silvan \u2013 \u2018Bratislava, Slovakia: City on the Borders (The Old, Young City)\u2019<\/strong>Zygmunt Ziobrowski \u2013 \u2018<\/strong>Spatial Planning in Poland\u2019.Historical approaches are included in these papers:<\/strong>Andrej Poga?nik \u2013 \u2018100 Years of Spatial Planning in Slovenia\u2019Arnold van der Valk \u2013 \u2018The formative years of the Dutch town planning movement. Programme and practice of good town planning\u2019Fergal MacCabe \u2013 \u2018Spatial Planning in Ireland 1910- 2010\u2019Gerd Albers \u2013 \u2018The role of exhibitions for the promotion and development of planning\u2019Joan Caffrey, Enda Conway and Philip Jones \u2013 \u2018The Development of the Planning Profession in Ireland\u2019Michel Cantal-Dupart \u2013 \u2018Town Planning: From hygienism to sustainable development\u2019Pierre Puttemans \u2013 \u2018Town Planning in Belgium\u2019.This classification is not absolute because several papers cover more than one category.This book will provide the reader with a global perspective and a focus on several important subjects (thematic, historical and regional) of spatial planning in Europe and the challenges and opportunities presented by European cities.Alfonso Vegara and Judith Ryser, Andreas Faludi, Charles Lambert, Cliff Hague, Jo\u00e3o Teixeira, Louis Albrechts, Paolo La Greca, Patsy Healey and Paulo Correia present views on the future of planning.Alfonso Vegara <\/strong>and Judith Ryser<\/strong> give examples of the holistic approach: combining research, innovation and incubation into an integrated, pro-active process, designed to make things happen in co-operation with city leaders, in the real world, without adverse effects on future generations.Andreas Faludi<\/strong> poses a question about European Planning in the 21st<\/sup> century: \u2018At the turn of the century, a firm European planning programme existed, with three chief elements: harmonious development; coherence of policies as they affect space; and territorial governance being conducted, not from the top down but in cooperation with stakeholder. With essentially the same elements, territorial cohesion policy could become the vehicle for pursuing it. How this will play itself out in relation to \u2018Europe 2020\u2019, successor to the Lisbon Strategy, and the negotiations leading to the post-2013 Financial Framework and cohesion policy remains to be seen.\u2019After an overview of planning over the last century in Europe, Charles Lambert<\/strong> offers seven suggestions:Develop the current definition of the cityCare for the cityAccept the logic of competition between cities and territoriesThink \u2018complex\u2019Simplify the cityBe carbon-efficient!Overcome the obstacles of organised ignorance and adopt the creative value of mediation.Cliff Hague<\/strong> defends <\/em>the Territorial Impact Assessment (TIA) \u2018as a way of applying to European policy-making a long-standing (though challenged) planning belief in spatial integration of sectoral investments\u2019. Jo\u00e3o Teixeira<\/strong> gives a general overview of planning, arts, sciences and technologies around 1900, the turning point in the decades under review. Now with the Limits of Growth and Climate Change new challenges must be faced, new paradigms appear. New theories, models and methodologies will be developed. It is necessary to prepare cities and towns for future generations.Louis Albrechts<\/strong> defends the thesis that \u2018European society as a whole has to accept that it lives in a world in which much of what it does and how it does it simply cannot continue (Hames, 2007: 278). Planners in Europe \u2013 within an intrinsically changing, transforming social and physical reality in flux \u2013 are also called upon to study the forces of change and to look for means and instruments to make alternatives happen. For me, there is ample evidence that the problems and challenges that confront European regions, city-regions and cities cannot be dealt with and managed adequately either on the basis of a neo-conservative perspective or on the basis of the intellectual, technical-legal apparatus and mind-set of traditional planning. This implies that only a pro-active response is appropriate, as it calls for the transformative practices that are needed to cope with the continuing and unabated pace of change driven by (structural) developments and challenges. Transformative practices focus on the structural problems in society; they construct images\/visions of a preferred outcome and how to implement them (see Friedmann, 1987)\u2019.Luc-Emile Bouche-Florin<\/strong> points out the links between the quality of life in cities and territories and the landscape as a factor of social and territorial cohesion.Patsy Healey<\/strong>, considering the planning endeavour in the 21st Century suggests three \u2018aphorisms\u2019:1.   Know your place!2.   Foster active and inclusive debate!3.   Know your institutional context!And, she says, \u2018planning\u2019s contribution to our urban futures lies in helping to create the physical and social fabric in and through which our future lives will be lived, and in helping to grow the governance capacity to form a socio-political \u2018public realm\u2019 capable of addressing the complex issues of \u2018living together while living differently\u2019 in the everyday flow of urban life\u2019.For Paolo La Greca<\/strong> the issue is \u2018to become aware of which role town and regional planning can play to improve the social conditions and face the new big challenges of present time. The discipline of planning is facing radical changes. Planning is turning from an almost exclusive production of plans toward urban and regional sciences and techniques, aimed at promoting the growth of founding territorial values. Sound territorial policies require deep knowledge of places and their differences. Taking this challenge we can list a series of primarily relevant topical issues for new research in planning:Redefine discipline approach to cope with unexpectedThe social and environmental threats in the facing of climate change humanitarian challengesIntegration of Urban and Mobility Planning in European Practices – Transport Oriented Development approachStrategic Environmental Assessment for sustainable planning.\u2019Paulo Correia<\/strong> focuses on the changing paradigms and the role of the planner who \u2018must be a scientist \u2026 must also be a designer and a visionary \u2026 must also be as a political advisor and a mediator \u2026 but not least, an urban manager\u2019.Manuel da Costa Lobo<\/strong> reminds us of the message of idealism: \u2018\u2026 only through idealism and humanism we will be able to bring cities and regional planning to achieve their objectives. The two great civic principles for planning [are]:Respecting NatureLooking for human solidarity\u2019 In a step-by-step analysis of planning evolution Philippe Doucet<\/strong> concludes that \u2018History reshapes geography\u2019.Ji?\u00ed Hr?za<\/strong> presents an overview of the evolution of a century of urban planning, finding that \u2018At the beginning of the 21st century we – as citizens and consistently as urban planners – are trying to find out how our future settlements should look like. We are wondering about Mankind\u2019s ability to cultivate urban environment and our qualification to define the needed measures and steps to it. These efforts – including inevitable errors and their fixing – are not new. They have been looked for since the beginning of permanent human settlements\u2019.R<\/strong>icard Pi\u00e9 and Josep Maria Vilanova<\/strong> describe the development of links between tourism and planning through history and conclude: \u2018In the early twenty-first century, there are two new challenges: to turn the tourist conglomeration on the coasts of Southern European into a city and to include leisure in the post-industrial city debate. \u2018Thomas Sevcik<\/strong> concludes: \u2018In a world where simple models become more and more useless (as seen in the economist\u2019s failure to anticipate the financial crisis 2008-9) narratives will have a renaissance. Nothing is more powerful than a story. Linking narratives with strategies and planning is an interesting area in contemporary urban planning and is worth being investigated further as some early case studies from around the world show\u2019.Tomasz Ossowicz<\/strong> analyses the hierarchical versus the network city structure in planning. \u2018Hierarchical and network structures co-exist and create a pattern for the contemporary city. The question is whether they conflict with or complement each other. In the context of this hypothesis, matters of fragmentation, polycentrism and public spaces are deliberated.\u2019Two contributions are regional approaches to former Yugoslavia. Borislav Stojkov<\/strong> and Tijana Zivanovic <\/strong>compare spatial planning systems and spatial planning documents that were in place after World War II in countries belonging to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, focusing on the connection between spatial planning and the political system, the economy and the social component of the state.  Andrej Poga?nik<\/strong> sketches a history of urban and spatial planning in Slovenia from the 19th century onwards, placing it in a European context.Bo Wijkmark<\/strong> gives a \u2018personal reflection by a practitioner in the city and region of Stockholm from the early sixties to the late nineties, with some knowledge of the other Nordic capital regions\u2019. He makes recommendations for the three Scandinavian capitals: \u2018build denser cities and accept high-rise buildings in the central districts, expand and modernise the public transport network and pursue transit-oriented development, reinforce and expand restrictions against private car use, construct lanes and paths for cyclists and pedestrians, make better use of waterfront sites for development and public use, and safeguard green and blue areas\u2019.Elias Beriatos<\/strong> \u2018aims to investigate the effectiveness of planning instruments and policies launched by the EU in relation to maritime and coastal areas and adopted by the competent public agencies and bodies in Greece and the Mediterranean\u2019.George Phedonos<\/strong> gives a picture of Cyprus planning system.Philippe Brun<\/strong> answers the question: \u2018Do the particularities of Switzerland lead this country to follow a land planning process which differs from those of other European countries?\u2019Robin Thompson<\/strong> presents a case study and concludes:\u2018Over the past century, a major role of spatial planning in Europe has been to mediate between the pressures for growth and development on the one hand and the interests of the environment and of local communities on the other\u2019; \u2018\u2026a profound shift in government policy away from the regional and strategic and towards the local and community based.  It is too early to know how effective this shift will be or to know whether many other European countries will show similar tendencies.  There are potentially grave problems attached to the abandonment of a strategic context\u2026\u2019Stefan Slachta<\/strong> and <\/strong>Juraj Silvan<\/strong> give a picture of Bratislava.<\/strong>Zygmunt Ziobrowski<\/strong> provides an overview of spatial planning in Poland last two decades.Arnold van der Valk<\/strong> describes the Dutch town planning movement from1850 to 1950, the history of government policy and the discipline of planning, paying particular attention to their ideals. \u2018Spatial planning without ideals can easily be suffocated by bureaucratic routines, unfounded dogmas and empty rhetoric. Thus it may offer an easy target for opportunistic politicians. Spatial planning will never be a docile possession; it is a living social legacy which merits critical scrutiny and re-appreciation\u2019.Gerd Albers<\/strong> brings us, in detail, the foundations of planning in Europe: movements, publications, planning courses and exhibitions.Fergal MacCabe<\/strong> presents the evolution of planning in Ireland and Joan Caffrey, Enda Conway <\/strong>and Philip Jones<\/strong> describe the development of the planning profession in Ireland.Michel Cantal-Dupart <\/strong>explains the long road through the 20th<\/sup> Century, as spatial planning moved towards cultural renaissance and sustainability after the \u2018hygienism\u2019\/sanitation and functionalist stages.Pierre Puttemans<\/strong> gives us a panorama of the town planning history in Belgium.These different approaches and varied perspectives provide diversity and complexity and the rich texture with which it is customary for planners to work.ECTP-CEU wishes to thank all who contributed to this book.  Jo\u00e3o Teixeira<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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